In the context of non-ionising radiation, extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (from power lines) have been classified by IARC as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic). The specific malignancy with strongest epidemiological evidence is:
- A Childhood leukaemia ✓
- B Adult glioblastoma multiforme
- C Thyroid carcinoma
- D Breast cancer in women
Correct answer: A. Childhood leukaemia
Explanation
IARC's Group 2B classification for ELF magnetic fields (50/60 Hz from power lines) is specifically driven by pooled epidemiological data showing approximately doubled risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at residential magnetic field exposures ≥ 0.4 µT. Adult brain tumours do not show consistent associations. Breast cancer and thyroid cancer associations with ELF remain weak and inconsistent. This specific childhood leukaemia evidence base is what prompted IARC review.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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