Environmental surveillance for poliovirus in India uses sewage samples from select sites as an early warning system. This is known as:
- A Environmental surveillance (ES) ✓
- B Sentinel surveillance
- C Syndromic surveillance
- D Event-based surveillance
Explanation
Environmental Surveillance (ES) involves testing sewage or wastewater samples for poliovirus to detect circulation of poliovirus — including vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) — even in the absence of clinically reported AFP cases. India conducts ES in 50+ sites across major cities as an early warning and verification system complementary to the AFP surveillance network. Sentinel surveillance tracks specific conditions at designated sentinel sites; syndromic surveillance uses clinical syndrome data; event-based surveillance captures informal signals about public health events.
Reference: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 27th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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