A 52-year-old woman presents with hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and amenorrhea for 12 months. Which hormonal profile is most consistent with her menopausal state?
- A Low FSH, low LH, low estradiol
- B High FSH, low LH, high estradiol
- C High FSH, high LH, low estradiol ✓
- D Low FSH, high LH, high estradiol
Correct answer: C. High FSH, high LH, low estradiol
Explanation
Menopause is characterized by ovarian follicular depletion leading to low estradiol, which removes negative feedback on the pituitary, causing elevated FSH and LH. FSH is typically higher than LH. This profile is diagnostic and distinguishes menopause from other causes of amenorrhea. Option A describes hypothalamic amenorrhea.
Reference: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26th ed.
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