Normal pregnancy is associated with a hypercoagulable state. Which combination of changes best explains this physiological adaptation?
- A Decreased fibrinogen and increased protein S activity
- B Increased fibrinogen and decreased protein S activity ✓
- C Decreased platelet count and increased antithrombin III
- D Increased factor VIII and decreased fibrin degradation products
Correct answer: B. Increased fibrinogen and decreased protein S activity
Explanation
Pregnancy increases fibrinogen (factor I) and factors VII, VIII, and X, while protein S (a natural anticoagulant) decreases. This prepares for hemostasis at delivery but increases thromboembolism risk. Platelet count may fall slightly (gestational thrombocytopenia), but antithrombin III does not increase. Fibrin degradation products increase, not decrease, due to enhanced fibrinolysis.
Reference: Williams Obstetrics, 26th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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