The fixed-dose combination of hydralazine plus isosorbide dinitrate demonstrated reduced mortality and hospitalisation in a specific subgroup of patients with HFrEF. That subgroup is:

• A Elderly patients with HFpEF and preserved systolic function
• B All patients with HFrEF intolerant of ACE inhibitors regardless of ethnicity
• C Patients with HFrEF secondary to valvular regurgitation
• D Self-identified Black patients with moderate to severe symptomatic HFrEF already on standard therapy ✓

Explanation

The A-HeFT trial showed that fixed-dose hydralazine plus isosorbide dinitrate added to standard therapy improved survival and reduced hospitalisation in self-identified Black patients with New York Heart Association class III to IV HFrEF. The benefit is attributed to augmented nitric oxide availability and antioxidant effects in a population with lower baseline nitric oxide bioavailability. The indication approved in India and the United States follows this specific subgroup label.

Reference: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.