A 15 kg child with diabetic ketoacidosis needs intravenous potassium replacement. When potassium is infused through a well-functioning peripheral vein, which combination of concentration and rate is considered safe?
- A Up to 20 mEq/L at any rate as long as the child is monitored
- B Up to 80 mEq/L at a rate not exceeding 1 mEq/kg/hour
- C Up to 40 mEq/L at a rate not exceeding 0.5 mEq/kg/hour ✓
- D Undiluted potassium chloride 1 mEq/kg as a slow push
Correct answer: C. Up to 40 mEq/L at a rate not exceeding 0.5 mEq/kg/hour
Explanation
Peripheral infusion of potassium is limited to about 40 mEq/L because higher concentrations cause pain, chemical phlebitis, and venous spasm. The rate should not exceed 0.5 mEq/kg/hour outside cardiac arrest settings, since faster delivery risks arrhythmia from transient hyperkalemia. Concentrations of 80 mEq/L generally require central access and continuous ECG monitoring. Potassium is never given as an undiluted push except during true cardiac arrest with life-threatening hyperkalemia under direct monitoring.
Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 21st ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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