In a neonate with asymmetric (late onset, placental insufficiency related) intrauterine growth restriction, which anthropometric finding is characteristic?

• A Head circumference reduced proportionately with weight
• B High Ponderal index with proportional reduction of all parameters
• C Low Ponderal index with relatively spared head circumference ✓
• D Length reduced more than weight

Explanation

Asymmetric IUGR results from late gestational placental insufficiency, so the brain is preferentially perfused and head growth is relatively spared while weight falls disproportionately. The Ponderal index, weight divided by cubed length, is therefore low, reflecting wasted soft tissue with preserved skeletal growth. Symmetric IUGR, seen with early insults such as congenital infection, reduces all parameters proportionally and gives a normal Ponderal index. This distinction predicts different neurodevelopmental risks.

Reference: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 21st ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.