A 5-year-old child with Ebstein anomaly of the tricuspid valve is being evaluated. When obtaining the antenatal and family history, which maternal factor is classically linked to this malformation?

• A First-trimester lithium carbonate intake ✓
• B First-trimester isotretinoin intake
• C Maternal gestational diabetes
• D Maternal phenytoin intake

Explanation

Ebstein anomaly, characterized by downward displacement of the septal and posterior tricuspid leaflets into the right ventricle with atrialization of the inlet portion, is classically associated with first-trimester maternal lithium exposure. Isotretinoin is linked to conotruncal defects such as transposition and truncus arteriosus, phenytoin to a range of defects including pulmonary stenosis, and gestational diabetes mainly to transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Reference: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.