A soft tissue tumor from the thigh of a 30-year-old shows a characteristic t(X;18)(p11;q11) chromosomal translocation. This genetic alteration is diagnostic of:
- A Ewing sarcoma
- B Synovial sarcoma ✓
- C Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
- D Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Correct answer: B. Synovial sarcoma
Explanation
The t(X;18) translocation fusing SS18 with SSX genes is pathognomonic for synovial sarcoma. Ewing sarcoma harbors t(11;22) generating EWSR1-FLI1. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans has t(17;22) fusing COL1A1 with PDGFB. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma has t(2;13) or t(1;13) involving PAX3/7 and FOXO1.
Reference: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.