Ferroptosis is a newly characterized form of regulated cell death. Which of the following best describes the key molecular mechanism distinguishing ferroptosis from other forms of cell death?

• A Caspase-independent cytochrome c release causing organelle swelling
• B MLKL phosphorylation causing plasma membrane rupture
• C Iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides from GPX4 inactivation causing membrane damage ✓
• D Gasdermin D pore formation causing pyroptotic lysis

Explanation

Ferroptosis is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) normally reduces lipid hydroperoxides; its inactivation (by erastin blocking cystine import for GSH synthesis, or RSL3 directly inhibiting GPX4) allows accumulation of phospholipid peroxides, triggering membrane rupture. This distinguishes it from necroptosis (MLKL), pyroptosis (gasdermin D), and classical caspase-dependent apoptosis.

Reference: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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