In Neer's classification of proximal humerus fractures, a '3-part fracture' involves displacement (>1 cm or >45°) of which specific anatomical parts?

• A Humeral head, greater tuberosity, and lesser tuberosity — all three displaced
• B Humeral head and greater tuberosity displaced; lesser tuberosity remains attached to shaft
• C Humeral head and surgical neck plus one tuberosity displaced ✓
• D Greater and lesser tuberosities displaced; humeral head remains impacted on the shaft

Explanation

Neer's classification is based on the number of displaced 'parts' among four anatomical segments: humeral head articular surface, surgical neck, greater tuberosity, and lesser tuberosity. A 3-part fracture means three of these four segments are displaced (>1 cm translocation or >45° angulation). The most common 3-part pattern is displacement of the humeral head, surgical neck, and greater tuberosity. The lesser tuberosity with its subscapularis attachment is the retained part, creating a rotational deformity. Option C accurately describes the surgical neck plus one tuberosity displaced alongside the head.

Reference: Maheshwari Essential Orthopaedics, 6th ed.

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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.