In distal radius fractures, Fernandez classification Type III specifically refers to:
- A Compression fracture (impaction of the articular surface with depression) ✓
- B Bending fracture (metaphyseal fracture with intact opposite cortex)
- C Shearing fracture (marginal fracture of the articular surface)
- D Avulsion fracture (tearing of ligamentous attachments)
Correct answer: A. Compression fracture (impaction of the articular surface with depression)
Explanation
The Fernandez classification of distal radius fractures is mechanistically based: Type I = bending (tension failure of metaphysis, e.g. Colles'); Type II = shearing (marginal articular fracture, e.g. Barton's); Type III = compression (axial load impacting the articular surface causing die-punch injury); Type IV = avulsion (radiocarpal ligament avulsion fractures); Type V = combined/high-energy injuries. Type III represents articular impaction injuries requiring elevation and bone grafting.
Reference: Maheshwari Essential Orthopaedics, 6th ed.
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