In the AO/OTA fracture classification, the suffix '.C3' in a long bone fracture code indicates:
- A Comminuted fracture with more than three fragments
- B Complex fracture pattern — comminuted segment where the main fragments have no cortical contact after reduction ✓
- C Open fracture with contamination
- D Segmental fracture with an intermediate fragment
Explanation
In the AO/OTA classification, the suffix 'C' denotes a complex (multi-fragmentary) pattern where, after reduction, the principal fragments have no cortical contact. Subtype C3 represents the most severe pattern within the complex group, with highly comminuted or irregular fragmentation. Open fractures use the Gustilo-Anderson system separately. A segmental pattern with an intact intermediate segment is classified as B2 or B3.
Reference: Maheshwari Essential Orthopaedics, 6th ed.
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