Toxoplasma gondii posterior uveitis is characterised by which fundus appearance?

• A Multiple discrete white chorioretinal lesions at the equator without vitreous activity
• B Confluent pale retinal lesion along the vascular arcades with haemorrhages
• C Yellow-white sub-retinal dots (Dalen-Fuchs nodules) with exudative retinal detachment
• D Active white fluffy satellite lesion adjacent to an old atrophic chorioretinal scar, with overlying dense vitreous haze ('headlights in the fog') ✓

Explanation

Ocular toxoplasmosis classically presents with a focal, necrotising retinochoroiditis — active white lesion ('satellite lesion') immediately adjacent to a pre-existing pigmented chorioretinal scar (from congenital toxoplasmosis), with a dense overlying vitreous inflammatory reaction giving the 'headlights in fog' appearance. This recurrence pattern at the edge of an old scar is pathognomonic. Dalen-Fuchs nodules are seen in VKH and sympathetic ophthalmia.

Reference: Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 7th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.