A 72-year-old woman notices progressive central visual distortion and difficulty reading. OCT shows disruption of the retinal pigment epithelium, fluid under and within the retina, and a subretinal hyper-reflective lesion. Fluorescein angiography reveals early hyperfluorescence with late leakage. The treatment of choice is:

• A Oral zinc and antioxidant supplementation (AREDS formula)
• B Panretinal photocoagulation
• C Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy (ranibizumab or aflibercept) ✓
• D Macular grid laser photocoagulation

Explanation

The clinical and OCT findings describe neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with choroidal neovascularisation (CNV). Anti-VEGF agents (ranibizumab, aflibercept, bevacizumab) are the current standard of care for wet AMD, targeting VEGF-A to suppress CNV growth and reduce vascular leakage. AREDS supplementation is indicated for intermediate or advanced dry AMD in the fellow eye to reduce progression risk, not for active CNV treatment.

Reference: Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 7th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.