Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery is primarily caused by the migration and proliferation of which cell type?

• A Zonular fibre cells
• B Anterior lens epithelial cells (equatorial bow cells) ✓
• C Residual cortical fibres
• D Corneal endothelial cells migrating posteriorly

Explanation

PCO results from proliferation and migration of residual anterior lens epithelial cells (LECs), particularly from the equatorial bow region (germinative zone). These cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), producing myofibroblasts and fibrous plaques (Elschnig pearls and Soemmering's ring) on the posterior capsule. IOL material influences PCO rate: hydrophobic acrylic IOLs (e.g., Alcon AcrySof) have sharp posterior optic edges that create a 'capsule bend' inhibiting LEC migration, resulting in the lowest PCO rates. PMMA IOLs have the highest PCO rates.

Reference: Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 7th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.