Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after phacoemulsification is caused by residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) of which type primarily?
- A Anterior epithelial cells only
- B Equatorial (E-type) and posterior epithelial cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration ✓
- C Pigmented ciliary epithelial cells
- D Residual nucleus posterior plate cells
Correct answer: B. Equatorial (E-type) and posterior epithelial cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration
Explanation
PCO results from residual equatorial LECs (bow region, E-type cells) that undergo proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), transforming into myofibroblasts that migrate onto the posterior capsule. Anterior epithelial cells contribute to Soemmering's ring (peripheral opacification) but the central PCO (Elschnig pearls and fibrotic PCO) primarily involves E-type cells and EMT-derived cells migrating posteriorly. Sharp-edged IOL optics create a mechanical barrier (dyshesion zone) to reduce PCO.
Reference: Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 7th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.