Under the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) and Vision 2020 initiatives, school eye screening in India primarily targets which refractive condition as the most common cause of visual impairment in school-age children?
- A Hypermetropia
- B Myopia ✓
- C Astigmatism
- D Presbyopia
Explanation
Myopia is the leading refractive error and the most common cause of correctable visual impairment in school-age children globally and in India, with rapidly increasing prevalence ('myopia epidemic'). School vision screening programs identify uncorrected myopia, which impairs distance vision critical for learning. Hypermetropia and astigmatism are also screened but myopia is the dominant condition. Presbyopia is an age-related condition affecting adults over 40 years. Vision 2020 — 'The Right to Sight' initiative — identified refractive error as one of the five priority conditions alongside cataract, trachoma, onchocerciasis, and childhood blindness.
Reference: Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 7th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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