During the second stage of labour, fetal heart rate tracing shows variable decelerations with slow return to baseline. The station is +2, vertex presentation, OA position. An operative vaginal delivery is planned. Which condition must be confirmed BEFORE applying forceps?

• A Full effacement of cervix
• B Complete dilatation of cervix (10 cm) ✓
• C Uterine contraction present at time of application
• D Spontaneous membrane rupture

Explanation

Prerequisite conditions for forceps delivery include: fully dilated cervix (10 cm), ruptured membranes, engaged head (station ≥0 for outlet, +2 for low forceps), known fetal position, adequacy of pelvis, empty bladder, and adequate analgesia. Full effacement is desirable but not an absolute prerequisite; complete dilatation is the cardinal requirement. Contractions improve traction effectiveness but are not a strict prerequisite for application.

Reference: Williams Obstetrics, 26th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.