During an instrumental delivery attempt with vacuum extraction, which of the following fetal complications is specifically more common with vacuum compared to forceps delivery?
- A Cephalhaematoma and subgaleal (subaponeurotic) haemorrhage ✓
- B Facial nerve palsy
- C Skull fracture
- D Facial lacerations
Correct answer: A. Cephalhaematoma and subgaleal (subaponeurotic) haemorrhage
Explanation
Vacuum extraction is associated with a higher incidence of cephalhaematoma (subperiosteal haemorrhage) and particularly subgaleal (subaponeurotic) haemorrhage compared to forceps delivery. Subgaleal haemorrhage is the most serious complication of vacuum delivery — blood collects in the potential space between the epicranial aponeurosis and the periosteum and can result in massive haemorrhage and death. Facial nerve palsy, skull fracture, and facial lacerations are more commonly associated with forceps delivery due to direct pressure and blade-related injuries.
Reference: Williams Obstetrics, 26th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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