Obstetrics & Gynaecology · Infertility, PCOS, and Contraception

A 32-year-old woman presents for IVF counseling. She has a poor ovarian reserve (AMH 0.4 ng/mL, AFC 3). Which stimulation protocol is MOST appropriate to minimize the risk of premature LH surge while preserving the limited follicular cohort?

  • A Long GnRH agonist protocol (downregulation) — prevents premature LH surge most effectively
  • B Natural cycle IVF — relies on natural follicular recruitment without exogenous FSH
  • C GnRH antagonist protocol — flexible dosing avoids cyst formation and is less suppressive on limited follicles
  • D Flare/microdose lupron protocol — initial agonist flare recruits extra follicles from DOR patients
Correct answer: C. GnRH antagonist protocol — flexible dosing avoids cyst formation and is less suppressive on limited follicles

Explanation

In women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR, AMH < 1.0 ng/mL, AFC < 7), GnRH antagonist protocols are generally preferred over long agonist downregulation. Antagonist protocols avoid prolonged ovarian suppression and pituitary down-regulation that can further compromise follicular recruitment in DOR patients. Antagonists are given later in stimulation (day 5–6), allow collection of whatever follicles respond, and carry lower risk of cycle cancellation. Long agonist protocols may over-suppress the limited follicular pool. Microdose lupron/flare protocols can be used for DOR but risk unwanted cyst formation. Natural cycle IVF is an option but has very low success rates.

Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 17th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

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