Which type of spontaneous abortion is characterized by a closed internal os, heavy bleeding, and severe cramping with the fetus still alive on ultrasound?

• A Inevitable abortion
• B Incomplete abortion
• C Missed abortion
• D Threatened abortion ✓

Explanation

Threatened abortion presents with vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks with a closed internal os and viable fetus on ultrasound — cramping may or may not be present. Inevitable abortion has an open or dilating internal os with ongoing bleeding and cramping indicating that abortion cannot be prevented, regardless of fetal viability. Incomplete abortion has partial expulsion of products of conception with an open os. Missed abortion (early fetal demise) has no bleeding or pain with fetal demise confirmed on ultrasound.

Reference: Williams Obstetrics, 26th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.