In India, the Shigella serogroup most frequently isolated from cases of endemic bacillary dysentery is:
- A Shigella flexneri ✓
- B Shigella dysenteriae type 1
- C Shigella boydii
- D Shigella sonnei
Correct answer: A. Shigella flexneri
Explanation
S. flexneri accounts for the majority of endemic shigellosis cases in India and other developing countries. S. dysenteriae type 1 is important mainly during epidemic outbreaks and carries the highest risk of complications such as HUS and toxic megacolon because of Shiga toxin production. S. sonnei predominates in developed countries and is usually milder, while S. boydii is uncommon everywhere. Indian exam convention follows this developing-country distribution pattern.
Reference: Ananthanarayan and Paniker Textbook of Microbiology, 11th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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