Which of the following patients requires antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures according to current ACC/AHA recommendations followed in Indian examinations?

• A A 40-year-old with rheumatic mitral stenosis, valve area 1.8 cm², no prior endocarditis
• B A 55-year-old who underwent CABG four years ago with intact grafts
• C A 48-year-old with a bioprosthetic mitral valve implanted three years ago ✓
• D A 30-year-old with mitral valve prolapse and no regurgitation on echo

Explanation

Antibiotic prophylaxis for dental procedures is restricted to patients at highest risk of adverse outcome from infective endocarditis: any prosthetic valve material including bioprostheses, previous infective endocarditis, selected unrepaired or recently repaired cyanotic congenital heart defects, and valvular regurgitation developing after cardiac transplantation. Uncomplicated CABG, mitral valve prolapse without regurgitation, and rheumatic mitral stenosis without prior endocarditis do NOT require prophylaxis, a favourite examination trap.

Reference: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.