A 28-year-old man presents with hypertension, hematuria, and new-onset seizures. CT angiography shows multiple microaneurysms in renal and mesenteric arteries. Hepatitis B surface antigen is positive. There are no pulmonary involvement or glomerulonephritis. What is the diagnosis?
- A Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
- B Polyarteritis nodosa ✓
- C Microscopic polyangiitis
- D IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein purpura)
Correct answer: B. Polyarteritis nodosa
Explanation
Polyarteritis nodosa is a necrotizing vasculitis of medium-sized arteries associated with hepatitis C. It causes systemic symptoms, hypertension, renal microaneurysms, mononeuritis multiplex, and gastrointestinal involvement. It spares the lungs and does not cause glomerulonephritis, distinguishing it from ANCA-associated vasculitides and IgA vasculitis.
Reference: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
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