A pedestrian is struck by a motor vehicle. At autopsy the pathologist notes patterned tyre-tread abrasions on the right thigh, a 'bumper fracture' of the right tibia at 45 cm from the heel, and contrecoup brain injury. Estimating driver height is NOT the purpose of the bumper height measurement. What is it PRIMARILY used for?
- A To identify the class/type of vehicle that struck the victim ✓
- B To estimate the speed of the vehicle at impact
- C To determine whether the victim was standing or seated at impact
- D To establish time since impact from periosteal haemorrhage age
Explanation
The height of the bumper fracture (distance from the heel to the fracture) corresponds to the bumper height of the striking vehicle; each vehicle class (sedan, SUV, truck) has a characteristic bumper height range. This measurement is used in accident reconstruction to identify the category and often the specific make/model of the vehicle. Speed estimation uses other criteria (pedestrian throw distance, skid marks). Posture at impact is inferred from the fracture height and injury pattern together, but vehicle identification is the primary forensic use of this measurement.
Reference: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (Narayan Reddy), 34th ed.
High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP
Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.