Following detonation of an improvised explosive device, several victims sustain deep lacerated wounds from nails and ball bearings packed around the charge. These injuries are classified as:

• A Primary blast injuries
• B Quaternary blast injuries
• C Tertiary blast injuries
• D Secondary blast injuries ✓

Explanation

Secondary blast injuries are penetrating or blunt trauma caused by fragments and projectiles energised by the explosion, whether from the device casing or deliberately added material like nails and bearings. Primary injuries result from the blast wave itself, tertiary injuries from the victim being thrown against objects, and quaternary injuries cover all other explosion-related effects such as burns and toxic inhalation.

Reference: Knight's Forensic Pathology, 4th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.