Samter's triad (aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease) consists of:

• A Nasal polyps, cystic fibrosis, and bronchiectasis
• B Nasal polyps, asthma, and aspirin/NSAID hypersensitivity ✓
• C Nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis
• D Epistaxis, telangiectasia, and AV malformations (Osler-Weber-Rendu)

Explanation

Samter's triad (also called aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, AERD) consists of nasal polyposis, persistent asthma, and hypersensitivity to aspirin/NSAIDs that inhibit COX-1. The pathophysiology involves diversion of arachidonic acid metabolism toward the lipoxygenase pathway, producing excess cysteinyl leukotrienes. Patients develop bronchospasm and rhinitis after aspirin/NSAID ingestion. Aspirin desensitization is a management option. These are type II eosinophilic nasal polyps, distinct from allergic polyps.

Reference: Dhingra Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat, 7th ed.

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Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.