The processus cochleariformis (cochleariform process) is an important surgical landmark in the middle ear. Its significance lies in its relationship to which structure?

• A It marks the second genu (geniculate ganglion) of the facial nerve
• B It is the pulley around which the tendon of the tensor tympani muscle turns laterally to insert on the malleus ✓
• C It is the lateral process of the incus visible through the intact tympanic membrane
• D It marks the entry point of the chorda tympani into the middle ear

Explanation

The processus cochleariformis is a bony projection at the medial wall of the middle ear that acts as a pulley for the tensor tympani tendon — the tendon curves around this projection and then runs laterally to insert on the handle of the malleus near its neck. This landmark is important during middle ear surgery as it lies anterior to the oval window niche and marks the position of the tensor tympani canal. The geniculate ganglion (first genu) is located at the anterior genu of the facial nerve canal, above and posterior to the cochleariform process.

Reference: Dhingra Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat, 7th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.