Trivalent chromium is considered an essential trace element because supplementation improves glycaemic control in some insulin-resistant states. Its biochemical mode of action is:

• A Stimulation of insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells
• B Potentiation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase signalling through chromodulin ✓
• C Direct activation of GLUT4 translocation independent of insulin
• D Inhibition of glucagon release from alpha cells

Explanation

Chromium is proposed to act as part of an oligopeptide called chromodulin (formerly glucose tolerance factor associated activity) that amplifies insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in the presence of insulin, enhancing downstream signalling. It does not stimulate insulin secretion, does not bind or move GLUT4 independently of insulin, and has no direct effect on alpha cells, which excludes the remaining options mechanistically.

Reference: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 32nd ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.