Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is elevated in all of the following EXCEPT:

• A Hepatocellular carcinoma
• B Yolk sac tumour (endodermal sinus tumour)
• C Hepatic regeneration (cirrhosis)
• D Seminoma ✓

Explanation

Pure seminoma does not secrete AFP; AFP elevation in a testicular germ cell tumour suggests a non-seminomatous component (yolk sac tumour, embryonal carcinoma). HCC and yolk sac tumours are classic AFP-producing tumours. Cirrhosis causes mild AFP elevation due to hepatocyte regeneration. AFP >400 ng/mL in a cirrhotic patient is diagnostic of HCC.

Reference: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 32nd ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.