A patient undergoing axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer develops a winged scapula postoperatively. Which nerve was most likely injured during the procedure?

• A Thoracodorsal nerve
• B Medial pectoral nerve
• C Long thoracic nerve ✓
• D Suprascapular nerve

Explanation

The long thoracic nerve (of Bell) arises from the ventral rami of C5, C6, and C7 and runs superficially along the lateral chest wall to supply serratus anterior. This nerve is at risk during axillary surgery and mastectomy. Serratus anterior holds the medial border of the scapula against the thoracic wall; its paralysis allows the medial border to protrude posteriorly, producing the classic 'winged scapula.'

Reference: BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, 8th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.