During internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation via the central approach, the needle is inserted at the apex of which triangle, aiming toward the ipsilateral nipple?

• A Suboccipital triangle
• B Carotid triangle
• C Muscular triangle
• D Triangle formed by the two heads of sternocleidomastoid and the clavicle ✓

Explanation

The central approach to IJV cannulation uses the triangle formed by the sternal head, clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid, and the clavicle (also called the posterior approach target triangle). The needle is inserted at the apex of this triangle at a 30-45° angle aimed toward the ipsilateral nipple (right IJV) or contralateral nipple (some left-sided approaches). The carotid triangle contains the carotid bifurcation — inadvertent carotid artery puncture is the major complication to avoid by locating the triangle correctly. The suboccipital triangle is a posterior neck structure unrelated to central line placement.

Reference: BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, 8th ed.

High-yield for: NEET PGINI-CETNExTFMGEUSMLEPLABMRCP

Written and medically reviewed by the StethoPrep medical team.