A 52-year-old woman is scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She has hypertension well controlled on amlodipine and type 2 diabetes controlled with metformin. She exercises by walking 30 minutes daily without limitation. What is her ASA physical status classification?

• A ASA I
• B ASA IV
• C ASA III
• D ASA II ✓

Explanation

ASA II denotes a patient with mild systemic disease without substantive functional limitation. Well-controlled hypertension and diet or single-agent controlled diabetes are classic ASA II examples. ASA I applies to a normal healthy patient, so option A ignores her comorbidities. ASA III requires severe systemic disease producing definite functional impairment, such as poorly controlled heart failure or recent myocardial infarction. The emergency modifier E applies only to emergency operations.

Reference: Morgan and Mikhail's Clinical Anesthesiology, 6th ed.

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